Abstracto
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Preprint
Abstract
Mosquito-borne viruses pose a significant, global threat to human and animal health. Traditionally, arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) surveillance has been retroactive following an outbreak, which limits the ability to predict and prevent outbreaks. We implemented a proactive arboviral surveillance framework in Panama between 2011 and 2024, combining human, virological, entomological, ecological, and genomic surveillance. We screened 599 rodents, 14,586 mosquitoes, and 398 humans with febrile disease, which resulted in the identification and characterization of two novel orthobunyaviruses, provisionally named Aguas Calientes and Aruza viruses. Additionally, we identified active circulation of Madrid virus and a novel reassortant virus (i.e., Matusagaratí) likely derived from small and large genomic segments of the Madrid virus and the medium segment of an unknown virus. We also identified mosquitoes from the Culex genus (i.e., Cx spissipes, Cx. venezuelensis, Cx. pedroi, Cx. vomerifer, and Cx. adamesi) and Coquillettidia venezuelensis as potential candidate vectors for these viruses. We developed a real-time RT-PCR method to detect these orthobunyaviruses, incorporating it into human, animal, and mosquito surveillance systems. Host-feeding patterns of these mosquitoes suggest that they may act as a bridge between wildlife and livestock, raising concerns about the potential for pathogen spillover between the two. We propose a new framework for Proactive One Health surveillance of potential arbovirus threats and demonstrate its effectiveness in discovering novel arboviruses and identifying their likely transmission vectors and amplifying hosts.
Authors:
Jean-Paul Carrera, Carlos Lezcano-Coba, Josefrancisco Galué, William de Souza, Weng Ng, Bernardo Gutierrez, Adam Hendy, Sasha Azar, Yelissa Juarez, Xacdiel Rodríguez, Rolando Torres-Cosme, Andres Lescano, Stephani Montero-Trujillo, Claudio Soto-Garita, Eugenia Corrales – Aguilar, Kristin Sloyer, Nathan Burkett-Cadena, Sandra López-Vèrges, Yaneth Pittí, Leyda Abrego, Lorenzo Caceres, Amy Vittor, Luis Felipe Rivera, Aaron Abouganem-Shaw, Kiriam Escobar Lee, Zeuz Capitan-Barrios, Rafael Samudio, Steven Widen, Vsevolod Popov, Juan Pascale, Sarah Hernandez, Hilda Guzmán, Abel Batista, Jorge Garzon, Scott Weaver, Robert Tesh, Patricia Aguilar, Rodrigo DeAntonio, Jesse Waggoner, Oliver G Pybus, Betânia Drumond, Maurício Nogueira, Kathryn Hanley, Darci Smith, Thomas Bowden, Christl Donnelly, Anayansi Valderrama, Nikos Vasilakis & Nuno Faria.